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Christmas LED's

A combination of LED's used as sequencing LED's and as well as chasing LED's are called Christmas LED's.

LED is Light emitting diode. A diode is only illuminated by the movement of electrons in a semi conducting material. A diode may be defined as the simplest form of a semi conducting material. The materials that go in to making a diode are aluminum, gallium and arsenide. A semi conductor with extra negatively charged particles are called N type material. The positive charges that are extra are called holes and they are found in the P type material. The free electrons move from a negatively charged area to a positively charged area, which is a feature of the N- type of material. Electrons move from whole area to whole area, Electrons can jump from one negatively charged area to a positively charged area. What we perceive is the movement of holes from the positively charged area to the negatively charged area. The diode now consists of N type material bonded to a P type material with electrodes soldered at each of the ends. This arrangement conducts electricity in one direction only. This is a very important piece of information to be remembered.

When the electrodes are connected to the terminals of a battery, the free electrons in the N- type material are repelled. They are repelled by the negative side and drawn the positive electrode. The voltage difference between in the electrodes is high enough for the electrons to be boosted out of the depletion zone and they begin moving freely again. The depletion zone disappears and the charge moves over the diode. There follows an interaction between the electrons and the holes in the material. At this time there is beautiful side effect. Light is produced.

Advantage of using LED's as Christmas decorations over the standard bulb are many. The main one being the LED's do not produce heat for the light they produce. They are called cool lights. The risk involved of burning is cut short. So they last longer. They are more durable as they are made of small plastic cases. The main advantage is the efficiency of the bulbs. The LED's are more efficient than the conventional bulbs. They consume less power and hence for the power used for a single conventional bulb one can light up something more than 200 LED's at a go.

Christmas trees are safe from fire and even if the LED's are left on throughout the night, they do not pose any safety hazard in terms of fire. Further as discussed earlier they consume less power. They are safe for sequencing works on the Christmas trees.

There was a time when LED's were quite costly. This was due to the cost of semi conductors. With the advent of cheaper semi conductor materials, the price of LED's has also plummeted down. Setting up of Christmas LED's is a cheaper option compared to the standard bulbs due to this, with the option of chasing and sequencing with the help of the same set of bulbs.